Causes and Risk Factors in Mental Health

Mental health is an important part of our overall well-being. It affects how we think, feel, and behave. It influences our ability to cope with life’s many challenges.¹

Sometimes, people experience mental health disorders that can impact their lives in a big way. These disorders are complex and can be caused by a combination of genetic, biological, and environmental factors.^1,2

Genetics and inherited genes

Our genes are like tiny instruction manuals that dictate many things about us. This includes our physical traits and how our bodies function. They also play a role in our mental health.^1,2

Some mental health disorders tend to run in families. This suggests that they may, in part, be caused by genetics. If you have a close family member with a mental health disorder, such as bipolar disorder or schizophrenia, you may have a higher risk of developing the same or a similar condition. This does not mean that you will definitely develop the disorder, but you may be more likely to.^1,2

Biological factors

Our brains play a crucial role in shaping our mental health. Sometimes, imbalances in brain chemicals called neurotransmitters can contribute to mental health disorders. These chemicals help our brain cells communicate with each other. When they are not working as they should, mood, emotions, experiences, and behavior can be affected.^1,2

Environmental factors

Our environment can impact our mental health in many ways. For example, experiencing significant stress can increase the risk of developing a mental health disorder.^1,2

Traumatic experiences like losing a loved one, a natural disaster, or military combat can leave a lasting impact on our minds. And more common stressors like financial problems, pressure at school or work, or family conflicts also can contribute to mental health challenges.^1,2

Other risk factors

Several other factors can make people more likely to develop mental health disorders, such as:^1,2

• Chronic stress
• Trauma during childhood such as abuse or neglect
• An ongoing health condition such as diabetes
• Substance use disorder
• Social isolation or lack of social support
• History of mental illness
• Insomnia

Awareness of these risk factors can help people take proactive steps to maintain good mental health. Recognizing the signs, seeking professional help when needed, and adopting healthy coping strategies are essential in managing and preventing mental health disorders.^1,2

The study of epigenetics

As you can see, genetics are not the only cause of mental health disorders. Our genes interact with other factors that can contribute to the development of these conditions, like our environment.³

Researchers are studying the complex ways genetics and the environment interact. This field of study is called epigenetics. Understanding these interactions can help experts develop new treatments and ways to support those at risk of or living with mental health disorders.³

Getting the help you need

Mental health disorders are complex. They result from a combination of factors interacting with each other. They can last a lifetime or be only temporary.¹

If you or someone you know is having troubles with mental health, seek help. Mental health professionals are trained to assist and support you through these challenges.